In any form of telecommunication, for the sender’s message to be understood by the receiver, the message must follow a protocol. A protocol is a set of rules that people or machines follow to enable them to communicate with each other. Protocols exist for people communicating with other people, and for machines communicating with other machines. For example, in a face-to-face communication, we use the language protocol. There are three aspects, or levels, of the language protocol. They are:
Semantics-which is the meaning of the communication
Syntax-where words or gestures are assembled to communicate the thoughts, or the grammar of the language
Presentation-which represents physical aspects of the communication